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Even more interesting than the answer to what is the real color of the dress is why do some people see it as gold and white while others insist it’s blue and black. In the case of the blue dress, the brain is trying to subtract the colour bias caused by the light source. But some people’s brains are trying to get rid of the blueish tones - so they will see white and gold - and some are trying to get rid of the yellowy gold tones, which means they’ll see blue and black. After disagreements over the perceived colour of the dress in the photograph, the bride posted the image on Facebook, and her friends also disagreed over the colour; some saw it as white with gold lace, while others saw it as blue with black lace. For a week, the debate became well known in Colonsay, a small island community. This image is a fascinating example of something on the edge of a perceptual boundary.
As the participants viewed the images, they could identify shades ranging from light blue to dark blue, with yellow/gold accents to dark brown/black accents. Several researchers discovered that the colors people reported are the same as those in the daylight. According to research, people are more likely to perceive a surface as white or gray if the amount of blue varies. Using a gold-tone inverted image, they striped lighter stripes blue while darker stripes were blue. Almost 98% of the participants saw those lighter stripes as vivid yellow today. Half the people on social media see this dress as blue and black and the other half see it as yellow and gold.
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It's called a scintillating grid illusion, made by superimposing white discs on the intersections of gray bars against a black background. Dark dots seem to appear and disappear rapidly at the intersections, although if you stare directly at a single intersection, the dark dot does not appear. If the photograph showed more of the room, or if skin tones were visible, there might have been more clues about the ambient light. Humans have a low concentration of rod receptors and a high concentration of cone receptors, which is why we can't see as well at night but can detect colors better, than say, cats. Marie Rogers is a PhD student with the Sussex Colour Group, investigating how colour word learning influences colour perception and cognition. She lives in lovely Brighton and her favourite colour is purple.
To most of us, the change in the colour of light over the day would be less noticeable. For example, say you know your mug is white, but the light being reflected from the mug is slightly red. The brain can then discount a certain amount of red tint from the rest of the scene you are seeing.
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"If you see the dress as white and gold, you're probably seeing the photo as under-exposed, meaning there is too little light and the colors in the dress appear lighter to you after the retina has compensated." A BuzzFeed page devoted to the debate had more than 25 million views early Friday, with 72 percent of Internet users insisting the dress was white and gold, while 28 percent swore it was blue and black. A study carried out by Schlaffke et al. reported that individuals who saw the dress as white and gold showed increased activity in the frontal and parietal regions of the brain. These areas are thought to be critical in high cognition activities such as top-down modulation in visual perception. Similar theories have been expounded by the University of Liverpool's Paul Knox, who stated that what the brain interprets as colour may be affected by the device the photograph is viewed on, or the viewer's own expectations. Anya Hurlbert and collaborators also considered the problem from the perspective of colour perception.
A layer of tissue at the back of the eye, called a retina, contains cells called photoreceptors. Here at Slightly Blue, this gorgeous, calming color has all kinds of effects on us. We love the color blue for its ability to evoke all kinds of emotions in us. As we like to say, there is a shade of blue for any way you feel. "Everyone went to DEFCON 5 immediately when someone disagreed. It was like you were questioning something even more fundamental than their religion," Wired articles editor Adam Rogers said.
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Now, scientists also think that people’s familiarity with the amount of light in a given environment may guide their judgments about color. Hence, people who are more frequently exposed to daylight are more likely to make adjustments to their judgments about a wavelength by thinking about how daylight will interact with the wavelength. That is how some people reach a decision about the color they see and therefore perceive the dress as gold and white. In contrast, those who are more frequently exposed to artificial or incandescent light do not make these mental adjustments and perceive the color of the dress as it is – blue and black.
Fig 2 shows the colorimetric set-up to quantify luminance and chromaticity. “There are owls like me who get up very late and stay up very late, who get less daylight exposure. "None of us have ever heard of this great an individual difference" in perception, Haller tells Yahoo Health.
Let’s take a look at what the dress actually looks like, in normal lighting with no special filters applied. You know what, let’s actually take things a step further and see what the dress looks like via a photo provided straight from the manufacturer, a company called Roman Originals. As we reported earlier in the day, the collective web over the last few days has been engaged in a bitter and incessant debate regarding the color scheme of… a dress. The philosopher John Locke identified this distinction long ago when he delineated between primary and secondary qualities. Primary qualities are qualities that objects have regardless of whether you're perceiving them. Secondary qualities are qualities that objects only have in virtue of how we perceive them.
All related philosophical and epistemological debates aside, let’s get down to the science of how and why the general public can’t agree on the color of this fashionable dress. There is an entire subfield of psychology called sensation and perception, within which vision scientists vastly outnumber the researchers who devote their studies to the other senses. The fabric of a dress nearly caused the fabric of the Internet to unravel Thursday night, with people engaged in spirited debate over the color of the $80 item, reports CBS News correspondent Elaine Quijano. Take a look at the original, but stare at it for around 30 seconds. Start to really believe it’s blue and black, it will start to turn. After seeing those colors close up, my father said he kind of saw a blue tinge in the “white” section, and I realized I saw a golden tinge in the “black” section.
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